crime

Criminal Law Dogmatics in Hungarian Substantive Law and the Criminal Law Theory of Stephan Huszty

Švecová, Adriana

The developing science of criminal law in the Early Modern period in the Kingdom of Hungary, like elsewhere in Europe, produced few synthesizing works and manuals dedicated to the amendment of substantive and procedural criminal law of the time and its theoretical-dogmatic basis. All the while, Beccarian ideas of modernizing the science of criminal law resounded throughout Europe.

“Unbridled Tongues.” Honour, Speech and Forms of Slander in Bardejov from the Middle of the 16th to the Middle of the 18th Century

Benka, Peter

Honour was a universally present theme in the social interactions of pre-modern European societies. The current paper aims to analyse this concept through the urban community of Bardejov between approximately 1550 and 1750, focusing on verbal offences against honour. The topic is approached from two perspectives. Firstly, an emphasis is placed on the Reformation and humanist discourse in urban communities, the roles placed on preserving one’s own and one’s neighbours’ good reputation, and appropriate reactions to becoming the object of slander.

Honour Disputes, Rituals of Violence and Conflicts in Medieval Bardejov

Fedorčáková, Mária

Research on crime, conflicts and violence in urban milieu usually focuses on authority and the competencies of town judicial courts, as well as preserved legal sources detailing norms and privileges. From another perspective, an analysis of judicial practice sources offers insight into the role of conflicts and violence in everyday life, and reveals strategies that authorities used to deal with them. This paper makes use of both approaches in order to study various aspects of crime and the attitudes and strategies of parties involved in conflicts.

On the Road to Crime in Moimir’s Moravia and Árpáds’ Hungary

Lysý, Miroslav

Sanctions and penalties enforced upon law-breakers are an age-old phenomenon. The division of civil and criminal laws from a legal standpoint began in practice relatively late in the territory now known as Slovakia. Terminology is first used in public administration beginning to distinguish clearly between these two spheres of legislation as late the 13th century. In previous times, the difference was not so obvious and in some norms from the 9th to 12th centuries, completely indiscernible.

Criminality: Terminology and Interpretation (An Introduction)

Szeghyová, Blanka

This issue examines some theoretical questions and concerns related to the study of criminality in the past. The categories and boundaries of what is considered criminal depend on circumstances determined by both power and religion. An act was not considered a crime until generally recognized as such, or made illegal by those with the power or authority to do so. Each era and society maintained its own scale and hierarchy of crimes. Some forms of behaviour were criminalised, others decriminalised.

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