nationalism

The article introduces the thematic issue of Forum Historiae, which examines the processes of politicization and political socialization in Central and East-Central Europe during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It situates these phenomena within the broader context of modernizing and nationalizing states, focusing on the challenges of analysing initial politicization among non-elite and subaltern populations.

In 1868, immediately after the Austro-Hungarian Empire was formed, Slovenes became more active politically and socially, despite the German cultural and economic strength and despite the fact that they were considered by some to be a people “without history.” In this sense, the Slovenian Sokols (Eng. Falcons) played an important role. Sokols were gymnastic associations created following the example of the first Sokol in Prague.

The paper presents unromantic concept of nationalism of Jonas Zaborsky in the context of the development of modern Slovak identity. Author compares Záborský's thinking and romantic nationalism of Ľudovít Štúr. According to him, the difference of these approaches is in the method of the formation of national consciousness. Záborský rejects the romantic notion of institutionalization realized only by revolutionary means or political reform. He understands forming of the nation as a process involving the deeper social changes, including a change of mentality.

This study deals with the idea of nationalism in the thinking of Slovak communist intellectuals from the early 1920s until the end of the 1960s. The variety of roles that national communism took during these decades are detailed, including an “intellectual exercise” in the 1930s, an ideological deviation in the 1950s, a program of national emancipation in 1960s and finally, the narrative of legitimizing the normalization orthodoxy after the 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion into Czechoslovakia.

The study outlines the opinions on and sources of the so-called Slovak question in the interwar Czechoslovak republic amongst the writings of three Slovak literary critics: Stanislav Mečiar, Andrej Kostolný and Michal Chorváth. Each author stood for a different contemporary ideology; nationalist/autonomist, Czechoslovakist and communist, respectively.

Pribina was a Slavic leader of unknown origin from the 9th century who was expelled by the Moravian prince (dux) Mojmir I. However, his rank in the territory north of the Danube before exile is a matter of an ages-long scholarly debate. This article presents an analysis of historiographic discourse which has resulted in the national scholarly construction of an early medieval, hypothetical Slovak/Nitrian rulership of Pribina.

This article provides introduction and context for the papers published in the current issue. Seven case studies examine the conceptions of “nation,” national existence, national history and national art in the writings of influential intellectuals active in a variety of fields—historians, literary critics, artists and art critics, and a philosopher—in Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and their successor states throughout the 20th century.

Fanzines simultaneously reflected the subculture’s ideological cleavages, including those within the far-right branch itself (disregarding anti-racist or apolitical fanzines). As the racist skinhead subculture formed in the first half of the 1990s, it split into the more-or-less open neo-Nazis, on the one hand, and the so-called Utraquist skinheads, with their ideological amalgam of nationalism, racism and authoritarianism, on the other. The Utraquist skinhead groups are a unique Czech phenomenon; they have no international counterparts and have thus far received minimal attention.

The study deals with the impact of the racial discourse on the nationality question in Hungary during the age of dualism between 1867 and 1918. In particular, it is concerned with the images of the so called Magyarization produced by the Slovak national movement. In the 1870s and 1880s the Slovak nationalists tried to prove that the Slovaks who allegedly had belonged to the "Aryan" race could have not be assimilated by the "inferior" races as the oriental Magyars.

The radical political system reform of the Kingdom of Hungary that took place in the spring of 1848 after King Ferdinand V. sanctioned the so called April Laws adopted by the Hungarian Diet had an important impact on the organization of local political elites. The April Laws endowed wider strata of the male population with political rights.